Pain in Lower Back When Walking: Causes and Treatment

Pain in the lower back when walking can have several possible causes, ranging from muscle fatigue and poor walking mechanics to conditions affecting the spine or nearby nerves. Understanding the underlying cause can lead to an effective treatment plan.

Our neurologists at Virgin Islands Neurology can use a range of diagnostic tests to accurately determine the cause of lower back pain. They also provide many treatment options to relieve pain. Schedule your appointment today.

A man experiencing lower back pain while out on a walk outside in the U.S Virgin Islands.

Topic at a Glance

  • Lower back pain when walking can have several causes.
  • Symptoms may include stiffness, sharp or shooting pain, leg pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness.
  • Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include non-surgical and surgical options.
  • Persistent, worsening, or severe symptoms should be evaluated by a healthcare provider, particularly when numbness, weakness, or bowel or bladder changes occur.

What Causes Lower Back Pain When Walking?

You might be experiencing pain in your lower back for many reasons. Below you will find some of the most common causes of lower back pain that can be felt while walking.

  • Muscle fatigue: Prolonged standing or walking can strain or tire out the muscles in your lower back and legs. This can lead to aches and pains. Generally, pain tends to subside once you sit or lie down.
  • Weight: Your weight can be a significant factor in experiencing pain while you walk. If you are overweight or obese, this additional weight can put more pressure and stress on joints and discs, resulting in pain.
  • Muscle spasms: If you have a strain, the muscles in your lower back can start to spasm or contract uncontrollably. These spasms can be extremely painful and, at times, make it difficult or impossible to stand or walk. Although painful in the moment, this pain does not usually linger.
  • Strains and sprains: These are the most common causes of back pain. If you injure muscles, tendons, or ligaments, you may feel pain while walking and have trouble moving. In addition to pain, these injuries can cause cramping, spasms, bruising, and swelling.
  • Lumbar spinal stenosis:  Lumbar spinal stenosis occurs in the lower part of your back (lumbar spine) when your spinal column is too narrow.  This compression of the spinal nerves can cause severe sciatic nerve pain and lower back pain. You may feel relief from spinal stenosis once you sit down.
  • Sciatica: Damage, pressure, or inflammation of the sciatic nerve can cause sudden and sharp pain. The sciatic nerve starts in your lower back and runs through the hips and buttocks down the legs into your feet. You may also feel burning, numbness, tingling, and radiating pain.
  • Degenerative disc disease: This occurs when your spinal discs, which act as shock absorbers, degenerate over time. This can result in bone-on-bone rubbing, thus causing pain.
  • Poor posture: Having poor posture can put an increased amount of pressure on your back, which can impact how you walk. Improper posture can also affect your muscles, joints, nerves, and discs.

What Symptoms Can Accompany Lower Back Pain?

There are several possible symptoms that could accompany back pain, depending on the cause. Potential symptoms along with back pain include the following:

  • Aching or stiffness in the lower back
  • Pain that may feel sharp
  • Shooting pain or pain radiating into the buttocks or legs
  • Leg pain
  • Numbness, tingling, or weakness
  • Muscle fatigue
  • Pain that becomes worse after walking for a certain distance
  • Symptoms that improve with sitting or changing position

Weakness or numbness affecting the legs can warrant medical attention, particularly when symptoms are new or worsening.

How is Lower Back Pain Diagnosed?

Your healthcare provider will begin by considering your medical condition and your symptoms. They will want to know when the symptoms occur and where they are felt.

During a physical examination, they may analyze your strength, movement, and posture. They will also look at your walking patterns. The diagnosis may also involve imaging tests including X-rays or an MRI scan or nerve diagnostics such as electromyography (EMG).

When Should I See a Doctor for Lower Back Pain?

Occasional mild back pain may improve with conservative care. However, if you have persistent or worsening symptoms, you may need to see a doctor for an evaluation.

If you have any of the following symptoms, you may need to see a healthcare provider:

  • The pain persists or repeatedly returns
  • Pain interferes with walking or daily life
  • Symptoms become increasingly severe
  • Pain radiates into one of your legs
  • There is numbness or weakness
  • Walking becomes increasingly difficult

Emergency medical care is required if you experience any of the following symptoms:

  • Loss of bowel or bladder control
  • Severe or rapidly worsening weakness

How is Lower Back Pain Treated?

The treatment for your lower back pain will depend on the cause and the severity of your condition. Many conditions are initially treated with conservative treatments. If the condition is severe or non-surgical treatments are ineffective, then surgical options may be considered.

Which Non-Surgical Treatments Can Help Lower Back Pain?

Some of the non-surgical treatments for lower back pain include the following:

Hot and Cold Therapy

Hot or cold therapy may help you manage symptoms at home. Cold therapy using an ice pack may be useful after an acute muscle strain. It helps relieve pain and swelling. Heat may help with muscle tightness in the lower back.

Activity Modification

It’s important to stay active when you have lower back pain. In order to do so within your comfort level, you may need to modify the activities you do.

Physical Therapy and Exercise

A physical therapist can develop targeted exercises based on the cause of the pain. This may include core strengthening exercises and stretching.

Medication and Injections

Over-the-counter pain relievers and targeted injections may be beneficial for certain sources of back pain.

When is Surgery Used to Treat Back Pain?

Surgery is usually decided based on the underlying condition, your symptoms, and overall health. You may be considered for surgery if nonsurgical treatments are no longer providing relief or if you have a structural problem that is causing pain, such as nerve compression.

How Long Does it Take to Recover from Lower Back Pain?

Recovery from lower back pain varies significantly depending on the cause and treatment required. Acute causes of back pain such as strains and sprains may get better in a short period of time. Chronic back pain may require ongoing management to maintain relief.

Patients with lower back pain should return to normal activities slowly to prevent pain from returning.

How Can Lower Back Pain Be Prevented?

There are several things that you can do to prevent lower back pain. Try to incorporate the following tips into your routine:

  • Stay active and maintain regular exercise.
  • Maintain good posture while walking, making sure to engage the glutes and core muscles.
  • Build strength with core strengthening exercises.
  • Use supportive footwear.
  • Avoid suddenly increasing your walking distance or intensity.
  • Take breaks if prolonged walking causes muscle fatigue.
  • Consider shorter strides if they make walking more comfortable.
  • Use gentle stretching before/after activity.

Schedule an Appointment Today

You don’t have to ignore lower back pain. At Virgin Islands Neurology in the U.S. Virgin Islands, our neurologists can provide a variety of diagnostic tools and treatments to keep you active. Schedule your appointment today.

FAQs About Lower Back Pain When Walking

Lower back pain when walking can have several causes. Common causes include muscle fatigue, strains, poor posture, spinal stenosis, sciatica, and age-related changes such as degenerative disc disease. An evaluation can help determine the underlying cause.

Some conditions, including lumbar spinal stenosis, can cause pain or other symptoms that become worse while standing or walking and improve when sitting or leaning forward. However, this pattern does not necessarily mean that spinal stenosis is the cause, so persistent symptoms should be evaluated.

You should consider seeing a healthcare provider if your pain persists, repeatedly returns, or becomes more severe. Seek emergency medical care for loss of bowel or bladder control or severe or rapidly worsening weakness.

Yes. Physical therapy may help manage lower back pain by improving strength, flexibility, posture, and movement patterns. A physical therapist can recommend targeted exercises based on your symptoms and underlying condition.

In many cases, staying active within your comfort level can be beneficial, but you may need to modify your walking routine. Shorter walks, breaks, proper posture, and supportive footwear may help reduce discomfort. If walking consistently worsens your symptoms, speak with a healthcare provider about the appropriate level of activity.